The oldest-known monument in Egypt, the Great Sphinx of Giza stands as a feat of engineering and craftsmanship—the massive structure having been carved out of a single limestone ridge at a height of ...

Flowing water shapes most of Earth's canyons, obscuring the contributions of other erosional mechanisms. A comparison of adjacent canyons with and without wind shielding shows that wind can amplify ...

Sandstone arches and other striking landforms are the showpieces of national parks around the globe. Experiments and numerical analyses show that they result from a self-organization process that ...