Variable frequency drives (VFDs), also known as variable speed drives (VSDs), are used to modulate the speed of motors in various applications, from hydronic water pumping to VAV fan units to vacuum ...

The second case study in this series had a system configuration depicted in Figure 1. The condenser water system had heat trace on the outdoor piping as well as a basin heater in the cooling tower.

Air-cooled condenser (ACC) systems have emerged as a viable alternative to traditional water-cooled solutions in power plants, particularly in regions where water scarcity or environmental concerns ...

Steam generators in thermal (steam-cycle) power plants require a constant influx of cool water to maximize the transfer of thermal energy. How this water is cooled again in the condensor after much of ...